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2021-05-09
Overvoltage protection and equipment power station control protection and automation.
1 Power station overview and system connection Changshun Hydropower Station is located in the southwest corner of Lishi City. It is the most downstream cascade power station in the ranks of Yujiang River in Hubei Province. It is 86 from the Xianfeng Code Putian 220 Substation. It is a state-owned hydropower company. The local engineering project jointly established by the Enshi State Power Grid Bureau of the Electric Power Bureau and the joint venture of the Lishi City. Power station installed 3,10 stomach, multi-year average power generation platform, generator rated voltage 10.5kV, rated current 687A, power factor 0.8 lag, speed 250rmin, Feiyi speed 180 multi-function microcomputer excitation device and type microcomputer governor.
According to the State Planning Commission, Energy Code 93, No. 1520, approved and Changshun Hydropower Project Headquarters, March 12, 1997, Changshun Hydropower Station uses 035 two-level voltage, and the first outlet is designed to be connected to the Renzhou network system.
The 0 line is connected to the Xianfeng Grassland Substation and put into the system. At the same time, the power station has two 35-output lines, in which the power is supplied back to the stone dam, and the power is supplied back to Wendou. The existing stone dam and Lidatang have been connected. When the power station to the stone dam line is completed, in order to avoid power loss, the two lines are required to be put into operation at different times.
2Electrical main wiring Changshun Hydropower Station total installed machine 30 stomach, is the main power station of Enshi State Network, bears the peak load of the grid, and bears the base load operation during the flood season. Since the power station plays a key role in the power grid, it is required to operate the power supply reliably and be flexible and easy to operate. Therefore, the main wiring scheme of the two-variable machine is selected.
On the generator voltage side, the No. 1 generator is the unit wiring, the voltage regulator is arranged, the circuit breaker is installed on the side, and the No. 2 No. 3 generator is composed of the enlarged unit wiring, and the configuration table 38315000 type 121± parent 2.510.5 is double-volume The transformer is equipped with circuit breakers on both sides.
10.51 The two sections of busbars are independent of each other. This type of wiring is not only simple and clear, but also reliable in operation, flexible in operation and convenient in maintenance. It can reduce accidents caused by misuse, and it is compact in layout, which can save civil construction investment, and choose different operation modes and future. There is ample room for development.
The rising voltage side adopts a single busbar, 0kV back, and is connected with the Xianfeng grassland substation to the system Enshi Qifengba substation. The 35 1 line is two times, returning to the stone dam and returning to Wendou. Electrical main wiring 1.
3 The electrical equipment layout of the main and auxiliary workshops is 15 feet long, 15.5 generator layer and installation room are different, the difference is lm. The generator layer is 373.30m, the installation interval is 374.30m. The central control room is arranged next to the right side of the installation room. Room low voltage distribution room and laboratory.
Install 3 sets of vertical hydro-generators on the generator floor, and the center distance of the units. 5m. Each generator is arranged on the left side of the generator to the left side of the microcomputer governor, and the unit automatic screen temperature measuring screen microcomputer governor hydraulic device control panel electric screen unit excitation screen is arranged on the upstream side and vice side of each unit section Adjacent to the plant, the screen is in line with the edge of the main rack at the upstream of the main building. The partition wall is 0.24m thick behind the screen, leaving a lrn wide maintenance access. The generator outlet is located in the quadrant 45 on the left side of the y-axis of the plant, and the neutral point is at an angle of 85 to the outlet.
The generator neutral current transformer is arranged along the machine pier on each machine, and the excitation difference current transformer is arranged at the outlet. One excitation dry-type transformer is arranged on the upstream side of each generator. In order to protect the equipment and the operating personnel from patrolling safety, there is a protection net, and the protection net has a door for maintenance.
2 sets of leakage drainage pump 2 sets of maintenance drainage pump and 3 oil leakage pumps are respectively arranged on the butterfly valve layer 361.9, elevation.
The installation room is divided into two layers. Two power distribution boxes, one common auxiliary machine screen, two low-pressure air compressors and the oil processing room of the whole stone dam dry-flow area power distribution box are arranged in the same way as the turbine.
On the upstream side of the turbine layer, three butterfly valve control boxes, one power distribution box and the water system auxiliary machine screen are arranged.
In the upper part of the main plant, there is a sub-factory with a length of 7m and the same width as the factory building, which is divided into two layers. The first layer is the busbar cable layer that runs through the whole plant. The first layer is the same as the generator. The main arrangement is 0.5kV power-voltage distribution equipment. There are 21 sets of simple anti-switch cabinets with 001 input type, arranged in columns. The low-voltage side outlets of each generator and coil transformer are connected to the pressure switch cabinet by 100, 10 aluminum busbars via busbars. The low-voltage side outlet of the two-roll transformer is connected to the pressure switch cabinet by the 1210010 aluminum busbar via the busbar, and the protection line is arranged on the whole line. The pressure distribution room is a factory transformer room, and two dry transformers are arranged. Close to the plant change room is the dam area transformer room.
The 40kV electrical equipment and its arrangement 1 booster station are located on the upstream side of the auxiliary building, and the two main transformers are arranged side by side. Main change, 1 outgoing line, jumper to 0 1 switch station. Switch station ground 378., next to the main transformer field.
llOkV has two power supply lines, and the return line is arranged. The spacing width of each spacer string is 8.0.01. The circuit breaker adopts 1 Jia 210 type porcelain column type 5 anti-circuit breaker. The 351 switch station is located next to the 0 switch station and arranged side by side. The 35kV side lead wire jumps to the transfer bridge, leads to 35 to let the switch station, return to the power supply line, two return lines, each interval string layout width is 5., 135 let the circuit breaker use, Jia 1635! ; 1 oil-breaking equipment layout and the distance between the live parts and the ground are determined according to the requirements of the regulations.
The power consumption of the 5 plant power system includes the power of the main and auxiliary powerhouse auxiliary power equipment, the tailwater gate power, the electric and electric test of the lighting communication in the plant and the booster station, and the partial control and protection of electricity.
According to the power consumption of the plant, the capacity of the system is calculated by using two 308840010 epoxy cast dry transformers. The power transformers of the two plants are connected to the 10,5kVI section busbar via the vacuum circuit breaker.
Both plants can meet the important power load separately and use each other as a dark standby.
Under normal circumstances, the two plants change the low-voltage side busbars to operate separately, and there is a standby power supply automatic investment device. When the segment busbar loses power, the busbar inlet switch of this section is automatically cut off and the tie switch is put into operation to ensure the important load of the whole plant. According to the quantity and location of the power load of the plant, 10 types of low-voltage power distribution panels of type 2 are selected for power illumination of the whole plant. In order to save the cable, there are three power distribution boxes installed in the turbine floor for the high and low pressure air compressor butterfly valve oil and drainage system.
6 Overvoltage protection and grounding In order to prevent the overvoltage of the atmospheric overvoltage and abnormal operation, the hazard to the operating personnel and electrical equipment, the main auxiliary plant substation is equipped with four independent lightning rods according to the specifications, each lightning rod is 35, All electrical equipment, including the main transformer, is within its protection range.
The lightning protection zone is arranged around the top of the main and auxiliary rooms to form a closed loop network. The ring network down conductor is connected to the grounding grid by not less than 4, and the down conductor is avoided as far as possible from the power distribution device. The upper and lower sides of the turbine layer on the roof of the control room layer are connected with the flat iron of 40 stomach 4 to connect the steel bars broken at the expansion joints of the main and auxiliary powerhouses. The down conductor and the grounding grid must be reliably welded firmly.
In order to prevent lightning strikes from the line, zinc oxide surge arresters are installed on the medium voltage side and the 35 outlet side of the low voltage side coil transformer of the main transformer on the busbars at 0 1 and 35.
The power station uses working grounding protection grounding and lightning protection grounding. The shared resistance is less than 0.5. 7 Power station control and protection 7.1 Unit automatic control The host of this station is the vertical axis suspension type hydro-generator unit. The generator type is 31244520 type, and the turbine type is Banwei 32. Model 200, produced by Dongfeng Motor Factory. Each machine is equipped with a 00-input microcomputer governor table manufactured by Hongcheng General Machinery Co., Ltd., which is manufactured by Hongcheng General Machinery Co., Ltd., which is a 100-hydraulic butterfly valve platform controlled by the Changjiang Academy of Sciences. The 6-type hydraulic device, which provides a force source for the butterfly valve, is a bladder-type accumulator. The generator excitation device is produced by Changjiang Lushui Automation Equipment Factory, and is matched with GWLC type double microcomputer excitation Speed Governor. The automatic devices such as oil and water gas auxiliary system various automatic components temperature measurement and speed brake are set according to the specifications. This station is the backbone power station in the Enshi State Network. The power grid requires the power station to start the unit with a control command and put it into the grid or complete the opposite operation. This requires the relevant links of the host to be on standby at any time. The command is executed correctly according to the preset program. The host adopts the mN80MR programmable controller which is widely used in the domestic industry and has strong adaptability to the industrial environment as the automatic control logic device. In addition to the logic control function, it also has sequential control such as timing counting branch program and digital operation data processing simulation. The volume adjustment operation displays functions such as networking communication. The following is a brief description of the host automatic control.
7.1.1 Unit start-up control The unit is in the stop state. Before entering the start-up, it must have the following conditions to repair and seal the seal; the generator main circuit switch is disconnected; the hydraulic machine is not working; the unit is automatically released, the brake is reset; the tail water gallery is overhauled. The drain valve closes the valve; the selection of the synchronous mode is determined.
After the above conditions are met, the power-on condition signal light is on. At this time, the power-on command is issued. The start-stop command is issued to the door through the open-stop control switch. The power-on command immediately acts on the following parts, and the investment is monitored and the start-up command is self-protected. Water, pull out the lock. After the butterfly valve is fully opened, the linkage pilot mechanism of the governor is opened, and the automatic frequency modulation and voltage regulation are input through the automatic quasi-synchronization device, and the automatic network closing, the Magnetic Switch is eliminated, the excitation current is adjusted, and the automatic belt is automatically taken. When the load is fixed, the hydro-generator unit has been transitioned from the shutdown preparation condition to the power generation condition, and the unit's power generation operation light is on. After the above-mentioned linkage actions, the power-on is reset by the power generation operation control, the host enters the power generation adjustment state, and the transition process from the shutdown to the power generation ends.
7.1.2 Shutdown control of the unit The unit shutdown is divided into two situations: normal shutdown and accident shutdown. When the unit is in normal power generation, the unit has a fixed load active or reactive load. After receiving the stop command, turn the on/off switch and issue a stop order. The execution process is to first open the shutdown process monitoring and self-protection of the shutdown command, reduce the load to no-load through the governor, jump the generator switch, the generator running light is extinguished, the magnetic switch is not de-excited, and the opening limit is After the mechanism is closed to the full lock, the lock is ingot; when the unit speed drops to 35, 30, the brake is braked, and the brake is continuously stopped until the stop. After the predetermined time and the guide vane pin is intact, the brake is released. , stop operation reset and turn off cooling water.
The accident shutdown of the unit is divided into accident shutdown and emergency shutdown.
Both the accident shutdown and the emergency shutdown must be shut down immediately, and are not limited by the load on the operating unit to prevent the accident from expanding. In case of emergency shutdown, the butterfly must be closed at the same time.
Acting on accident shutdown protection, the bearing temperature is too high, the governor oil pressure accidental decline, the governor internal accident, the spindle seal water interruption, electrical accidents, and manual emergency stop. Self-holding after the protection action, can not be manually reset until the accident is eliminated.
The emergency shutdown protection organic group has an overspeed of 140, the guide vane shear pin is cut during the accident shutdown, and the manual emergency closing butterfly valve.
7.2 Hydraulic mechanical protection of the unit The hydraulic mechanical protection of the unit is divided into three kinds of conditions: the protection acts on the accident stop; the protection acts on the emergency stop and closes the butterfly valve; the protection only acts on the forecast signal.
7.3 Butterfly valve automatic control butterfly valve is installed on the water inlet pipe of the turbine for pressure pipeline and unit maintenance. It is closed during long-term shutdown to reduce water leakage. When the unit is running, if there is an accident in the unit or the governor of the governor fails, the butterfly valve will be shut off urgently to limit the scope of the accident. Under normal conditions, the butterfly valve is open and closed, and can only be in the fully open or fully closed position. It is not allowed to be in an intermediate position for a long time. The butterfly valve control system is provided by Hubei Hongcheng General Machinery Co., Ltd., and the butterfly valve can be operated manually on site or remotely according to design requirements, or it can be controlled automatically or by computer.
8 Excitation system The excitation of this station is all self-initiated static thyristor excitation system produced by Lushui Automation Equipment Factory of the Water Resources Minister Jiang Shuili Committee. The model is a multi-digital industrial-controlled multi-function excitation device, which is mainly composed of dual microcomputers. The excitation adjustment screen is composed of a thyristor as a component transmitter. The excitation device is a dual-channel dual-microcomputer + manual analog manual unit excitation adjustment device. In normal operation, both microcomputers work online. After the input signal is obtained, both machines perform the same. When the machine fails, the system automatically switches to Another machine makes it into online control. The two machines can be manually switched, and the dedicated power switches are separately set and can be plugged in and out. The regulator also has an analog backup channel that is independent of the main channel and operates in a closed-loop control of the field current.
The regulator can realize the following main functions: residual voltage excitation, DC excitation, volt limit, frequency over-excitation de-excitation limit, minimum excitation current limit, zero-start boost, system voltage tracking automatic identification, multi-channel mutual standby Self-diagnosis self-switching function, fault tolerance given function, automatic shutdown load rejection, no function adjustment software, automatic adjustment of zero adjustment and automatic calibration function, optimal excitation control, 4 research, 8 kinds of work, instantaneous limit load maximum current Instantaneously limit no-load over-voltage protection Excitation capacity over-excitation current limit function.
With the 15 evaluation software, after connecting with the ordinary personal computer, it also has the following level function generator operating parameters and excitation parameters, real-time monitoring of each phase voltage and current active power reactive power factor excitation current excitation voltage excitation control angle, etc., especially with voltage Current vector display function, excitation operation function, such as excitation and de-excitation excitation adjustment, excitation parameter test parameter setting, generator no-load short-circuit characteristics, excitation curve recording period monitoring and other test curve display and data Print generator running working memory, etc. These functions have been verified during the trial run of 3 machines 72, and the effect is good.
9 Relay protection The relay protection system of the power station mainly includes the generator protection main transformer protection factory transformer protection dam area transformer protection plant power protection and standby power supply automatic input line protection, etc., according to the relay protection and safety automatic device technical regulations Configuration to meet the requirements of relay protection reliability selectivity sensitivity and quickness.
Received date 2000
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